Clarissa or The History of a Young Lady :: Clarissa History of a Young Lady

Clarissa or The History of a Young Lady    In the Johnson age there are many popular writers.   One of these authors is Samuel Richardson, who was a novelist.   His most popular novels were Pamela and Clarissa, which are both constructed of a series of letters.   Clarissa, however, was regarded as one of his most popular European novels.   "His masterpiece, Clarissa, or the History of a Young Lady, one of the greatest European novels, was published in 1747-8" (Richardson, 1).    When Richardson wrote Clarissa his intention was to write a novel of a series of letters that were written by an unskilled author.   This book contains 537 letters written by various characters in the novel.   Because the book is so long I could not read the whole thing nor have   I ever read it before.   As a result I can not say a lot about it.   Because I find it is a little hard to read I was not able to read as much as I would have like to in the four hours that we were to set aside to read the book.   I did, however, manage to read the first eight letters in the novel.   The first letter was written to Clarissa Harlowe from her good friend Anna Howe.   This letter is used to introduce the reader to the problems that have been going on in the Harlowe home that lead to Clarissa being the topic of gossip.    The letters that follow this one are from Clarissa to Anna and they explain what had happened.   The trouble begins when Mr. Lovelace begins to visit the Harlowe home; it is believed that he is there to court the eldest daughter.   However, this does not work out and he then decides the he would like to date the younger daughter, who is Clarissa.   This is not well liked by her brother because Mr. Lovelace was his enemy all through college and there is now a grudge between the two.   As a result, Clarissa's brother and Mr. Lovelace get into a fight and Clarissa's brother is injured.   It is because of this that no one else in the family cares for him anymore either.   However, this does not stop him from pursuing Clarissa.

VIRTUAL SCHOOLS AND THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY STUDENT

Can Virtual Schools Meet the Needs of the Twenty-first Century Student?The turning complexness of an interdependent and interrelated universe has spurred monolithic instruction reforms in the United States. Unfortunately, many say that the instruction system is non overhauling plenty to bring forth more competitory 21st century pupils. Harmonizing to the North American Council for Learning and Partnership for twenty-first Century Skills ( 2006 ) , bulk of Americans feel that the United States is dawdling behind other industrialised states in fiting pupils with twenty-first century accomplishments such as critical thought and problem-solving accomplishments, computing machine and engineering accomplishments, and communicating and autonomy accomplishments. Calls to reform the instruction system to aline with the demands of the planetary work force have prompted support for practical schooling. Reports suggest a turning credence and popularity of on-line acquisition among pedagogues, parents, and pupils. K-12 online acquisition is a new field that caters to an estimated $ 50 million market and turning over 30 per centum yearly. There are over 173 practical charter schools functioning 92,235 pupils in 18 provinces in 2007 ; 57 per centum of public secondary schools in the U.S. offer auxiliary online classs and 72 per centum of school territories with distance instruction plans planned to spread out on-line offerings in the old ages to come ( Watson, Gemin, & A ; Ryan, 2008 ) . The phenomenon of the â€Å" practical school † has generated much exhilaration. Considered by many to hold revolutionized the manner instruction is delivered and accessed in the digital epoch of the Information age, practical acquisition in the United States has roots that go manner back in the late eighteenth century. The modern precursor to the modern-day practical schools is the mail-based correspondence school, said to hold been invented in 1891 at the University of Chicago. From mail-based systems, bringing mechanisms shortly evolved to radio plans to telecasting and satellite broadcasts to the Internet-based practical schools of today. Virtual schools utilizing the Internet as medium were launched in the 1990s but its foundation established before that period. In 1988, the federal Star Schools plan was started with peculiar accent on supplying distance-education engineerings through telecommunication partnerships to little rural schools. In August 1993, a charter school was built by Horizon Instructional Systems in Lincoln, California, offering plans that include an â€Å" electronically assisted pupil learning † plan that blended home-based computing machines with satellite engineering and distance instruction. The K-12 practical school appears to hold materialized in the summer of 1995 when the Eugene, Oregon-based CyberSchool Project was launched by nine territory instructors. By 1996, the ballyhoo of the practical school took land with the constitution of the experimental WebSchool in Orange County Florida ; Cyber-School Academy in Washington State ; the Concord Virtual High School which was built through a $ 7.5 million grant ; and the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. What concretized the presence of K-12 practical schools is the outgrowth of big, multi-state plans such as the Florida Virtual School, founded in 1997 and the Virtual High School ( Greenway & A ; Vanourek, 2006 ) . Several surveies and researches have cited both the advantages and disadvantages of online acquisition. Researches show that apart from online larning non demoing important difference in act uponing pupil public presentation compared to traditional schoolroom direction, on-line scholars experience signifiers of isolation and hapless societal accomplishments. Some surveies have concluded that effectual execution of blend larning attacks in practical schools contribute to better academic public presentation and assessment trial tonss for pupils compared to their traditional schoolroom opposite numbers. In add-on to betterment in nucleus academic topics, surveies besides show that practical schooling provides the needful accomplishments in critical thought, originative job resolution, digital literacy, liberty and planetary consciousness to fix pupils for the twenty-first century work force. This survey aims to garner pertinent literature to find whether or non the practical school can run into the demands of the twenty-first century pupil. Purpose of the Study The viability of online acquisition to supplement traditional schoolroom direction has become undeniable in the face of increased Internet connectivity. In the United Schools, 100 per centum of the schools have Internet entree. Computer use begins at really immature ages and immature kids are now able Godheads of multimedia content ( International Council for K-12 Online Learning, 2009 ) . Integrating engineering with instruction seems merely suiting in the digital epoch of the Information age. Like all instruction reforms enterprises, the instance has been made to extol and discredit the success of on-line acquisition in bring forthing 21st century-standard instruction results. Surveies have pointed to the effectivity of on-line acquisition as â€Å" tantamount † or â€Å" better † than traditional schoolroom direction ( Cavanaugh, 2001 ; Barker & A ; Wendel, 2001 ) . In add-on, experts have come to believe that when used suitably, e-learning can take to improved pupil public presentation ( National Association of State Boards of Education, 2001 ) . There are besides disadvantages cited: isolation, hapless societal development, disadvantages for pupils experience linguistic communication, hapless accomplishment in physical demonstration-focused topics such as music, physical instruction, or foreign linguistic communication ( Barker & A ; Wendel, 2001 ; B ond, 2002 ) . Exhaustive research in on-line acquisition or practical schooling is limited, as research on the subject is comparatively new and undergoing development. This survey hopes to lend to the little organic structure of research that explores the capableness of practical schools to run into the demands of the twenty-first century scholar. This survey presents relevant theoretical constructs and bing research work to give a proper rating of whether or non practical schooling efficaciously equips and prepares the twenty-first century pupils with accomplishments needed to last in the competitory and internationalized work force. Statement of the Problem The alterations spurred by the Internet and multimedia engineering has challenged the traditional apprehension on how instruction is delivered in order to efficaciously fix pupils for the demands of the twenty-first century. Virtual schools break down geographical and clip barriers that limit chances for larning. The promise of flexibleness and pupil liberty in practical schooling are believed to fix pupils for the increasing demand in job resolution accomplishments and technological expertness in the globalized work force. Research workers have pointed both advantages and disadvantages of the practical school. While it offers exciting chances for pupil battle, strictly on-line larning lacks the needed face-to-face interaction and exposure to socialisation that traditional acquisition can supply. Hence, the blended acquisition or intercrossed attack, which combines both the online experience and face-to-face direction, has found application in most schools offering online classs toda y. This survey will reexamine relevant literature in order to reply the undermentioned research inquiries: What are the demands of the twenty-first century pupil? What is the effectivity of practical schooling in bettering pupil public presentation? What is the potency of practical schooling in supplying pupils with twenty-first century accomplishments, peculiarly ( a ) critical thought and job resolution accomplishments ; ( B ) planetary consciousness ; ( c ) information communications and engineering ( ICT ) skills ; and ( vitamin D ) autonomous acquisition and authorization? Discussion This subdivision presents selected relevant surveies and theoretical constructs that explore the capableness of practical schools to run into the demands of 21st century pupils, peculiarly in bettering nucleus academic competences every bit good as alleged twenty-first century accomplishments. The Needs of the Twenty-first Century Student Aside from the academic nucleus competences listed in the No Child Left Behind Act ( 2001 ) such as English, reading or linguistic communication humanistic disciplines, mathematics, scientific discipline, foreign linguistic communications, civics, authorities, economic sciences, humanistic disciplines, history, and geographics, theoreticians list several accomplishments needed by the 21st century pupil: information, media literacy, and engineering accomplishments, larning and invention accomplishments, life and calling accomplishments, and planetary consciousness ( NACOL and Partnership for twenty-first Century Skills, 2006 ) . Information, media, and engineering accomplishments are farther subdivided into information literacy, media literacy, and information, communications and engineering ( ICT ) literacy. Information literacy is the pupil ‘s capacity to entree and measure information expeditiously and efficaciously, every bit good as appreciating the cardinal ethical issues related to information entree. Media literacy entails the capacity to understand why and how media messages are constructed and the creative activity of media merchandises using appropriate media creative activity tools. Information and communications engineering ( ICT ) literacy is the aptitude of utilizing digital engineerings ( computing machines, media participants, etc. ) , societal webs, and communication/networking tools to measure and pass on information and successfully map in a knowledge-based economic system. Learning and invention accomplishments include creativeness and invention, critical thought and problem-solving, and communicating and coaction. Creativity is the ability to make a broad scope of new and worthwhile thoughts, refinement and measuring them to better originative attempts, every bit good as the openness and reactivity to new positions. Critical thought involves abilities such as job designation, information assemblage, premises, informations reading, measuring grounds, acknowledging relationships, pulling decisions, proving decisions, retracing forms and doing judgements ( Thornburg, 2000 ) . Communication and coaction accomplishments involves the ability to joint ideas and thoughts efficaciously utilizing verbal and gestural communicating methods, listening efficaciously, and working efficaciously with diverse squads or groups. Effectiveness of Virtual Schools in Improving Student Performance Key findings gathered by educational reform organisations comparing student public presentation among on-line scholars and traditional schoolroom scholars range from â€Å" no important difference † , â€Å" equal † , and â€Å" better † results for pupils engaged in on-line acquisition. Surveies besides point to intermix acquisition or the intercrossed attack as the method that consequences to outdo pupil results. In a meta-analysis done by The U.S. Department of Education ( 2009 ) synthesising 51 on-line surveies in 2009, consequences indicate that â€Å" on norm, pupils in on-line acquisition conditions performed better than those having face-to-face direction † ( p. nine ) . Furthermore, the survey compared results of both online and blended larning attacks to face-to-face direction. The survey concludes that blended direction was more effectual than face-to-face direction and recommends execution of blended attacks. A meta-analysis conducted by Cavanaugh ( 2001 ) explored the differences in accomplishment among distance acquisition and traditional schoolroom plans at the K-12 degree. Consequences indicated that accomplishment was more or less tantamount among the two groups. The Florida TaxWatch Center for Educational Performance and Accountability ( 2007 ) cited in its concluding study of the Florida Virtual School that pupils enrolled in online classs outperformed their equals in traditional schools. In the school twelvemonth 2004-05, FLVS pupils outperformed their traditional school opposite numbers in nine out of 10s capable countries. Both groups scored 85 % in art/visual humanistic disciplines. During the 2005-06 school twelvemonth, high school pupils taking on-line classs scored systematically higher in nine out of 10s capable countries than traditional public high school scholars. The study besides indicated that FLVS pupils systematically earned higher classs, received better FCAT ( Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test ) scores, and achieved higher Markss on Advanced Placement ( AP ) exams than scholars in traditional schools. A survey on K-adult distance instruction plans conducted by Shachar and Neumann ( 2003 ) revealed a important positive consequence, reasoning that in approximately two-thirds of the instances, distance instruction scholars outperformed their traditional schoolroom opposite numbers. Cavanaugh et Al. ( 2004 ) conducted a meta-analysis aimed at comparing accomplishment in online and traditional schoolroom plans. The synthesis revealed â€Å" no important difference † in academic results and concluded â€Å" about tantamount † steps between on-line pupils and schoolroom opposite numbers. Other surveies reveal that groups of pupils larning on-line by and large achieve at degrees equal to their equals in schoolrooms. There appears to be grounds to show that when used suitably, blended acquisition attacks in practical schooling can better what pupils learn and supply them with high-quality acquisition chances ( Kearsley, 2000 ; National Association of State Boards of Education, 2001 ) . Potential of Virtual Schools in Promoting twenty-first Century Skills Unlike literature on the effectivity of post-secondary and higher-education online acquisition, there is a dearth of research that focuses on the effectivity of K-12 distance instruction in heightening learning results among pupils. Using the Partnership for twenty-first Century Skills theoretical account ( 2007 ) , the literature presents bing certification on effectivity of online acquisition in furthering critical thought and job resolution accomplishments, ICT or digital literacy, planetary consciousness, and autonomous acquisition and authorization. Critical Thinking and Problem Solving Since 21st century occupations require higher degrees of job work outing accomplishments and critical thought, practical schools prepare their pupils by guaranting that they are able to appreciate relationships between abstract thoughts and practical applications in the context of the existent universe. NACOL ( 2001 ) asserts that practical schools use competency-based acquisition theoretical accounts that are effectual in heightening critical thought accomplishments. Creative job resolution is besides facilitated through group or squad activities developed routinely in online classs. The contextual acquisition theory, the acquisition theoretical account used in on-line acquisition, suggests that larning occurs merely when the scholar is able to treat newly-acquired information in a mode that makes sense to them utilizing their ain frames of mention. Since the head of course finds significance in context, it establishes connexions that has significance and seem utile. Education theoreticians assert that when acquisition is situated in the context of real-world scenarios, pupils become more motivated to larn. In add-on, pupils find more exhilaration as they represent and simulate reliable and existent real-world jobs, alternatively of abstract, out-of-context activities ( Bransford, Brown, & A ; Cocking, 2000 ; Driscoll & A ; Carliner, 2005 ) . Many theoreticians argue that the effectivity of practical acquisition is based on rules of effectual acquisition in general. Harmonizing to the acquisition theory, acquisition is enhanced or promoted on three conditions: ( a ) when pupils have active engagement in the acquisition procedure ; ( B ) when coursework is contextualized in real-life state of affairss and experiences ; and ( degree Celsius ) when deep acquisition or critical thought is facilitated through brooding activities ( Bransford, Brown, & A ; Cocking, 2000 ; Quitadamo & A ; Brown, 2001 ) . The National Survey of Student Engagement ( 2008 ) survey found that online scholars reported deeper attacks to larning than classroom-based scholars and experienced â€Å" better usage of higher order believing accomplishments, integrative thought, and brooding acquisition † ( p. 15 ) . Duffy and Cunningham ( 1996 ) assert that practical schools facilitate acquisition by utilizing engineering in making real-life contexts that engage scholars in work outing complex jobs. Using real-world state of affairss promotes deep acquisition by developing critical thought in the pupil. Online direction such as simulation promotes critical thought as it involves active and adept analysis, synthesis, and the application of information to peculiar state of affairss. An illustration of a contextualized acquisition attack applied efficaciously is illustrated by Florida Virtual School ‘s scientific discipline course of study. The school ‘s course of study is designed by and large to go around around the usage of job work outing accomplishments and real-world applications. For case, in a Geometry category, pupils are non merely taught theoretical edifice and architectural constructs. The on-line instructor required pupils to complete a undertaking utilizing real-world architectural rules. After sharing digital transcripts of designs and floor programs, pupils were instructed to pull the front position of place. Another assignment required pupils to research the constructs of incline, rise, pitch, and run by analyzing local edifices ( Florida TaxWatch, 2007 ) . The usage of multimedia in practical schools is an effectual acquisition tool that facilitates student battle. Multimedia inclusion in on-line classs finds support in basic cognitive rules of larning. Constructivism argues that larning can merely be meaningful one time the scholar is able to choose relevant information, form this information, and efficaciously makes connexions between matching readings. Furthermore, active acquisition occurs when the scholar engages in three cognitive procedures: choosing relevant words for verbal processing and choosing relevant images for ocular processing, forming words into a coherent verbal theoretical account and forming images into a consistent ocular theoretical account, incorporating matching constituents of the verbal and ocular theoretical accounts. As a consequence, Doolittle ( as cited in Hede, 2002 ) concludes that pupils have a better potency for larning from a combination of words and images than from words entirely. The usage of game s and simulations when learning on-line topics allow goal-based challenges that stimulates involvement and heightens pupils ‘ motive. In add-on, supplying tools that enable pupils to collate and footnote notes promote battle ( Hede, 2002 ) . Autonomous Learning and Empowerment The nature of the 21st century cognition economic system requires citizens to be engaged in womb-to-tomb acquisition. As a consequence, being in control of the way of one ‘s ain acquisition becomes non merely valuable but necessary in the twenty-first century. Online direction offers the needful flexibleness and convenience to finish larning units when and where a scholar desires ( McDonald, 2000 ) . Furthermore, practical schools empower scholars with self-paced and autonomous acquisition, allowing them take independently what courses to take and when. The self-paced nature of online larning benefits both pupils who are speedy scholars and those who need more clip in finishing class aims. Quick scholars are given the chance to larn at an prosecuting gait while pupils who are comparatively slow in carry throughing larning units can take their clip without being capable to stigma ( Watson, Gemin & A ; Ryan, 2008 ) . Online acquisition besides encourages pupils to put to death clip direction and pattern a higher degree of personal duty ( Cavanaugh, 2001 ) . To exemplify, Florida Virtual School pupils are able to take the rate of class completion depending on their single demands. Students are empowered to either extend or cut down their completion period from the traditional 36-week school twelvemonth. In making so, pupils are able to pull off their clip and custom-make the faculty or unit organisers provided to accommodate their demands. Flexibility in online acquisition comes with the pupil ‘s answerability to subject terminal merchandises to their teachers. Students are free to subject class assignments at any clip of the twenty-four hours in a given hebdomad but will still be capable to answerability steps. This theoretical account is really much comparable to practical offices and teleworking of today that allows flexibleness but commands high answerability and quality outlooks for the terminal merchandise. Haughey and Anderson ( 1998 ) province that online, networked acquisition has the undermentioned advantages: communicating and interaction ; immediateness ; permanency ; diffusion ; and, exhilaration. Interactive and interpersonal applications of digital engineering facilitates the displacement on how acquisition is approached. Online larning makes the move from an authority-based acquisition to one founded on find or experiential acquisition. Online larning facilitates communicating and interaction based on a learner-centered theoretical account ( Cavanaugh, 2001 ) . The learner-centered attack is the nucleus of the practical school doctrine. Learner-centered instruction in online classs necessitates increased communicating on an single footing, and frequently consequences to positive teacher-student relationships. Positive student-teacher relationships nurtured online are lined to positive pupil results, such as critical thought, motive, and dropout bar. The National Association of State Boards of Education ( NASBE, 2001 ) lists the undermentioned activities that could further communicating and coaction among pupils in practical schools: instructional resources ( on-line tutorials, WebQuests, practice/testing environments, instructional faculties, practical labs, and simulations ) ; informational stuffs ( scouts, electronic databases, mention resources, streaming picture, and digitized primary resources ) ; practical escapades such as web-based Tourss and practical field trips ; unrecorded interactions utilizing picture conferencing ; collaborative online acquisition ( e-mail, web logs, treatments, undertaking sharing, collaborative scientific discipline experiments, collaborative authorship, online books treatments, on-line writer visits, and adept treatments ; on-line aid ( proficient support, mention inquiries, mentoring, and peer tutoring ) ; sharing infinite ( practical galleries of pupil work, on-line newspapers, and collaborat ive composing countries ) . Global Awareness The world of globalisation has put force per unit area on instruction systems to set to the increasing complexnesss and demands of an mutualist universe. Education ‘s intent in developing responsible and productive citizens to fuel national growing has been supplanted as increasing competition and mutuality of a globalized universe require pupils to be educated in order to go more productive international citizens. Harmonizing to Schukar ( 1993 ) , â€Å" Children in this state must be provided an instruction that more than adequately prepares them for citizenship in the society and universe they will shortly inherit † ( p. 57 ) . The coming of globalisation has necessitated monolithic reforms in instruction. Thomas Friedman ( 2005 ) contends in his book, â€Å" The World is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-first Century † that antiquity in the methods of acquisition and learning have no topographic point in the â€Å" level † and â€Å" connected † universe. Hence, digital engineering, which he attributes to the universe ‘s â€Å" flattening † , must be utilized to interrupt down clip and geographical barriers in instruction. Through it, the ascribed function to instruction as the great equaliser can carry through to a greater extent than the traditional educational methods. Partnership for twenty-first Century Skills ( 2007 ) emphasizes the importance of developing planetary consciousness in the twenty-first century pupil. Global consciousness involves the usage of critical thought and job resolution to be able to understand planetary issues, learn from and prosecute collaboratively with persons from diverse civilizations and backgrounds to further an attitude of common regard and unfastened duologue, and understand different civilizations and larning non-English linguistic communications. The purpose of planetary instruction is to develop empathy and perspective-taking among pupils as they study human struggle and cooperation, mutuality of human systems, and cross-cultural differences ( Freeman, 1993 ; Tye & A ; Tye, 1992 ) . In other words, planetary instruction serves to bring forth pupils who have a planetary position and are equipped with accomplishments, cognition and temperaments to be able to appreciate and digest the built-in pluralities in civilization, ethnicity, and faith in the globalized universe ( Gilliom, 1981 ) . There are several types of activities that practical schools launch to advance planetary consciousness and an enhanced grasp of cultural diverseness among pupils. Virtual schools teach societal surveies concepts that require pupils to make web-based research, communicate with pupils from different states or provinces, engage in collaborative undertakings, and travel on telefieldtrips ( Harris, 2002 ) . As a consequence, pupils are provided the chance for real-time interaction and collaborative acquisition with kids from diverse civilizations that the physical school can non. Merryfield ( 2000 ) provinces that when engineerings are fused with societal surveies larning, the possible to advance cross-cultural apprehensions is maximized and consciousness in subjects such as equity, diverseness, and favoritism are heightened. NACOL ( 2001 ) paperss one of the most advanced undertakings launched by Broward Country Public Schools with the aid of the Florida Virtual School that successfully fused societal surveies larning with engineering to develop planetary consciousness. In an AP and Honors American History Course, four groups composed of Nipponese and American pupils collaborated through on-line picture conferencing and email interaction to discourse World War II and Japan-US dealingss. Using a Nipponese translator, American pupils were able to interact with pupils from Achiba, Japan. Other instructional content came from a Holocaust subsister, Nipponese cantonment captive and a professor of Asiatic Studies. Throughout the class, pupils created multimedia presentations and engaged in problem-solving activities. â€Å" Face-to-face † coaction utilizing Web picture conferencing enabled heightened cultural consciousness and promoted the bridging of two civilizations. Young, Birtolo, & A ; McElman ( 2009 ) reports how on-line acquisition in the Florida Virtual School ( FLVS ) provides chances for pupils ‘ increased consciousness and grasp of planetary issues and concerns. Students are given activities runing from online forums to discourse AIDS and universe hungriness, to engagement in online nines that portion perspectives on international personal businesss and other societal issues. In 2008, staff from FLVS ‘ online newspaper News in a Click interned as editors for PEARL World Youth News where they collaborated with pupils all over the universe through Web conferencing in making and redacting the newspaper. Creative schemes utilized by online instructors besides provide avenues of intercultural coaction and duologue ( Young, Birtolo, & A ; McElman, 2009 ) . One illustration is the Global Economic Summit organized by FLVS economic sciences instructor Patty Sibson that featured a cross-curriculum treatment of planetary issues participated by around 100 scholars from different states. The activity utilised Web conferencing and originative problem-solving undertakings. Another illustration is the on-line Chinese Language class offered by the Michigan Virtual High School ( MVHS ) . The class, which meant to present Chinese linguistic communication and civilization to get downing Chinese linguistic communication scholars, ran for a semester and was taught by a qualified Chinese-speaking teacher. Using a task-based language-learning course of study, the class emphasized on heightening basic communicating accomplishments and cross-cultural, planetary consciousness and apprehension. The on-line class required self-study and practical meetings and was designed to have four chief resources: an e-textbook, a group problem-solving undertaking, Web conferencing and treatment, and a group composing activity ( NACOL, 2001 ) . Digital engineerings used in practical schools offer pupils the agencies to get new types of cognition, accomplishments, and temperaments needed to work more efficaciously and go more productive planetary citizens ( Bell-Rose & A ; Desai, 2005 ) . Digital engineerings offer many possible ways to further planetary consciousness in schoolrooms. By inculcating planetary instruction and engineering in societal surveies larning, pupils are able to appreciate the interrelatednesss of states and peoples worldwide. Liz Pape ( 2007 ) discussed how practical schools are lending in run intoing the planetary consciousness accomplishments of the twenty-first century pupil. In an online confab interview moderated by Education Sector, she explains that online acquisition schools have developed learning theoretical accounts that enable the bringing of interaction of pupils across province or national lines, such as those take parting in online schoolrooms together. In this mode, planetary consciousness and citizenship accomplishments among pupils are developed. Certain restrictions prevent practical schools from maximising the chances of pupils to develop cross-cultural apprehensions such as larning non-English linguistic communications. There is a accepted deficit of foreign linguistic communication instructors ( Cavaluzzo & A ; Higgins, 2001 ) . Furthermore, technology-based societal scientific discipline learning to develop planetary consciousness is non ever successful. There is a needed attempt upon the online instructor to originate and put to death originative schemes that could bring forth coveted planetary instruction results. Surveies have come to reason that engineering entirely does non heighten pupil results ( McIsacc & A ; Gunawardena, 2001 ) Information and communications engineering ( ICT ) Literacy The demand for technological aptitude in order to go more competitory in the twenty-first century work force is now undeniable. In the age of information, it has become a necessity for pupils to get the hang the ability to utilize engineerings to treat, analyze, and articulate information in instruction, life, or employment scenes. Since the usage of engineering in practical schools is a constitutional demand, pupils master twenty-first century engineering accomplishments to fix them for the planetary and Web-driven workplace. Some pedagogues feel the effectivity of engineering is overestimated, mentioning that presenting information engineering in schools has non achieved either transmutation of learning or larning. Research workers deduce that maximising the benefits of IT investings require more than merely presenting engineering and alining it with the course of study. They believe it requires the triangulation of content, sound acquisition rules, and high-quality instruction ( Cox et al. , 2003 ) . Several suggest that the appropriate application of digital engineering in the schoolroom puting enhances pupil outcomes. In 2003, a quasi-experimental survey was conducted by Rosas et Al. ( as cited in Metiri Group, 2009 ) on 1,274 early simple pupils in Chile whose results were compared to a intervention group that were equipped with hand-held devices with games designed to progress reading comprehension, spelling, and mathematical accomplishments. After a period of 3 months, the survey revealed that pupils who used the hand-held devices for 30 hours posted important betterments than their control group opposite numbers. A survey studies positive correlativities between the use of educational games on PDAs and public presentation in reading comprehension and mathematics. The surveies conclude that bet oning engages pupils in deep concentration and motive that leads to high attending, concentration, and self-regulation of pupils ‘ larning procedure ( Savill-Smith & A ; Kent, 2003 ) . A meta-analysis across 42 surveies conducted by Pearson et Al. ( as cited in Metiri Group, 2009 ) showed important positive consequences with the usage of practical larning engineering in primary and secondary schools. Except for foreign linguistic communication were practical acquisition revealed uneffective, consequences were consistent across class degrees and capable countries. Effectss were somewhat higher to scholars under blended acquisition plans. Decision The complex challenges that pupils face today in visible radiation of the quickly increasing diverseness of the state ‘s population, globalisation of commercialism and civilization, and detonation of the Internet and other engineerings, higher academic results and increased versatility will assist fix pupils run into the demands of the twenty-first century. The related literature reviewed indicates the potency of practical schools to adequately run into the demands of the twenty-first century pupils and contribute to heighten academic public presentation and the development of of import accomplishments needed to fix them for the work force and the planetary economic system. There are advantages every bit good as disadvantages to online acquisition, but its benefits outweigh its restrictions. Research besides points to the blended acquisition policy or the combination of online and face-to-face direction as the most ideal in run intoing demands of the twenty-first century pupil. There remains yet inconclusive grounds on whether online acquisition surpasses the quality of traditional schoolroom acquisition, but it is clear that the practical school has become a popular and necessary option for 1000000s of pupils across America. Maximum benefits of practical schools may include easing betterment of pupils public presentation in academic nu cleus topics every bit good as developing accomplishments including originative job resolution, critical thought, autonomous acquisition and authorization, and ICT literacy.

The Religious And Economic Center Essay - 2155 Words

1. Mecca was considered both an important religious and economic center because as well as being a caravan city, it was also the birthplace of the prophet Muhammad and the religion of Islam. 2. The Ka’ba was a pilgrimage site for followers of Islam, Christianity, and Judaism. The cubical shrine was associated with stories of Jews and Christians in which Abraham was believed to be the builder of the Ka’ba. In addition, Meccans believed a site outside Mecca was the location where God asked Abraham to sacrifice his son. In the Islam belief, the son sacrificed was not Isaac, but really Ishmael, the son of Hagar who was also the forefather of the Arabs. 3. Arabs differ from Muslims in that the term Arab identifies a person of a certain regional origin. However, Muslims are people who embrace the religion of Islam. Not all Muslims are Arab and not all Arabs are Muslim. 4. Muhammad was similar to Jesus Christ and Augustus Caesar because he was a man who started a serious change in a society. Muhammad taught his revelations to the people of Mecca and beyond which established the Islamic faith. Jesus Christ was a prophet who preached that he was the messiah and his sacrifice would end suffering, establishing the faith of Christianity. Finally, Augustus Caesar changed Rome forever by gaining power and establishing an empire. 5. The revelation of Mohammad called all people to surrender to God and acknowledge Muhammad as the last of his messengers. By doing this one would becomeShow MoreRelatedGod is Not Great by Christopher Hitchens1301 Words   |  6 Pagessociety and civilization and incredible importance to everyday life and decision making. In many of these disputes religious belief, or a lack thereof, serves as an important driving force behind one or both sides of the argument. In the modern world, one of the bigger instances of this can be seen in the many debates between Atheistic and religious individuals about the implications of religious belief on morality. 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Ogburn, he discusses how all throughout the Saraguro region of Ecuador, it is seen that the empire manipulated the landscapes for religious purposes as well as for controlling their people. The question that Ogburn is asking is, how did the Incan empire manipulate the Saraguro region, what did they manipulate, and why was it an important part of the Incan Empire? Ogburn explains thatRead MoreReligious Discrimination In The Kite Runner1441 Words   |  6 PagesIn a world where the crawl of our news feed is overcrowded with stories of corrupting education, poverty and increasing violence - religious discrimination is the man behind the curtain. As an ancient issue accompanying mankind throughout existence, religious discrimination has repeatedly been seen responsible the committing countless human to sins. With differences between people, conflicts form when they do not know how to embrace each other. The differences in people’s religions has made themRead MoreThe Effects Of Birth Control On Children1658 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican females, which is likely because they are most directly impacted by birth control, considering that they are the ones taking it, receiving information about it at their doctor’s, etc. The relevant public also includes religious groups; Catholics are the most relevant religious group, as it is the one that throughout the introduction and usage of birth control has been the most vocal (Gallup, 2012). Also, while females are the ones taking the birth control, men are another group to consider, asRead MoreThe Thirty Years War : Early Modern Europe1350 Words   |  6 PagesFerdinand II of Bohemia attempted to restrain other religious activities under his governing body . As a result, Ferdinand sparked a rebellion among Protestants to debunk the old centralized Roman Catholic empire. Religious catastrophes coupled with political struggles sparked the Thirty Years War and would later have severe implications on how Europe would operate politically, religiously and diplomatically. The Thirty Years War, the religious war to end all wars, would be remembered as one of theRead MoreThe Importance Of A Candidate F or The Democratic Party945 Words   |  4 PagesAs a nominee for the Democratic party, you must begin to decide which issues will become the center of your campaign. We would like to respectfully ask you to consider making gender equality a major issue in your campaign. Though the women’s movement has made major strides, continuing this work will allow the women of America access to all the opportunities their male counterparts enjoy. In order to have these opportunities, we have identified three issues where women need support. First, ReproductiveRead MoreSame-Sex Marriage: A Human Right912 Words   |  4 Pages(Thomspon 2). Considering that these statistics only encompass New York, the total revenue from legalizing same-sex marriage throughout the U.S. would be tremendous. By legalizing same-sex marriage in all 50 states, there is expected to be a positive economic impact of $1 billion over the next three years (â€Å"For Love or Money?† 14). This revenue comes fro m marriage licenses, the marriage penalty, and a decreased cost for state benefit programs. The marriage penalty – when income taxes are higher for marriedRead MoreCultural Influences Of Mexico And Aztecs1480 Words   |  6 Pagesgreatest empire, Aztec. Many cultural and economic practices of these Mexican civilizations were borrowed from the prior civilization, adapted, and then further developed upon and while many aspects of these practices stayed the same through this time, significant changes occurred as well. The term culture is defined as â€Å"the distinctive features of a group that are learned rather than biological†, according to Essential Humanities. Religious beliefs, artistic traditions, and languageRead MoreHumanities Questions and Answers1043 Words   |  4 Pagesideological development in the history of capitalism, not simply religion. The idea that salvation could be attained by works of the faith alone enabled people to separate their economic, secular life from their private religious life. Contrary to medieval belief, religious vocations were no longer considered superior to economic vocations for only personal faith mattered with God (Frey 2010). The uncertainty of faith also drove people to demonstrate their moral worth to the community: Uncertainty

The Influence Television Has on Children - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1088 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/09/21 Category Education Essay Type Argumentative essay Tags: Children Essay Influence Essay Television Essay Did you like this example? Children love to watch TV and prefer to stay â€Å"glued† to the TV screen all day, rather than playing outside. In the USA, 47% of children ages 2 to 18 years have a television set in their bedrooms. On a typical day, they spend on average of 5. 5 hours using media, including television, computer games and the Internet (Kaiser Family Foundation, 2001). TV is the number one after-school activity for 6 to 17 years old. Although television is loved by children and has helped them a lot, it has influenced them in a negative way. Over the past decade television has become a big part of a child’s routine. Even though many parents feel that it is just there for entertainment or another form to keep a child company o it still may have a negative influence on them without the parents or guardians even knowing. Even though many television sets or cable companies now have parental locks/guards children can still be influenced or exposed to negative behavior, not age ap propriate language thru shows, commercials etc. Television does not only influence negative behavior but it also takes time away from a child’s social and educational time. Many children who watch a lot of television is likely to have lower grades, read less, even become overweight. In the past 10-15 years television has changed drastically. The amount of violence, sexuality, drug and alcohol abuse that is shown and really is the main theme of many shows today really does have an effect on a child’s way of seeing or portraying how life can be. An adult may see a television show with all of the above in it and think and know that all of is not real it’s just for entertainment. As, for a child they perceive it as being true, that it’s really happening or that it’s normal and safe to act or do the things they do. Especially if the parents allows them to watch the program. It may not even be a television show, it can be the cartoons that are now being done and how the news portrays the world and the events that occur. Many advertisements and commercials are even a bit too much for a child to watch. Many may agree that the way television shows are for kids now has changed drastically. Over the past years they have created so many networks like Nickelodeon, cartoon network, nick Jr, Disney, and many many others! There is even an option on certain cable companies to have the favorite shows available anytime of the day. Although many of the cartoons are harmless they do show violence and many of the shows do show a lot of being disrespectful, having different attitudes so when children, pre teens see this they think it’s cool or that’s how they should act because their favorite child actor or teen idol does it. There are a few decent programs and networks that do show positive and educational information. It may be hard for many parents to get very strict or to monitor every moment a child watches television because of how society is today. We now live in a time where both parents need to work everyone is very busy, you hardly see the importance of a family eating dinner around a table, if you visit someone’s home you would probably notice everyone is doing their own thing whether its mom or dad on a computer/laptop, a sibling playing video games while another is watching television or texting on their phone. So when a parent does notice or wants to cut back on television time even gaming it’s too late or becomes very difficult because the child has that routine and it can become difficult to change or even get the child to understand why they shouldn’t spend so much time playing video games or watching television. That’s when it becomes important to teach a child from when they are very small and also have limits for them. There have been debates on how television has changed. Many like the baby boomers cannot believe how different it has become. They re member just having cartoons on maybe 1 or 2 channels. Nothing like with how it is today. Many also don’t see the problem; many adults think its nice having the variety of different cartoons and programs for children because they didn’t have it while growing up. But, there are also a big percentage of parents who feel that some programs go too far and are concerned of what the future of children’s television will become. There are many ways that parents can do to help their children from watching so much television and getting them more involved in programs or simply just turning the television off for a few hours a day. Many articles simply state that if they don’t want to turn off the television they can watch television with their children and select the appropriate shows for them to watch. Others suggest having limits of the amount of television they are allowed to watch during the week. Simply turning it off during meals, and study time which al so helps the child, so that they can see the importance to focus while studying and the importance of having meals with the family. For those parents who are always working or very busy then they have the option if their cable company offers it, they can block and set a timer for what they can see and how long they can watch the television. As time goes by if parents become more involved in what their child is watching then there’s hope for a change. It’s rare to watch regular television without hearing a curse word, or the image of sex or how the ideal man or woman is suppose to look like, so when children feed into all that it can send mixed signals of how they should be or act. So if parents become more pro active and simply monitor and become more involved then hopefully it can change overtime. And it would help the children become more involved with their school work; it would be able to change the rate of obesity and their behaviors. If parents or guardians voice their opinions more eventually someone’s voice would be heard and changes can be made. Until then since this is a way of life many parents should have more precaution and just be more aware Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Influence Television Has on Children" essay for you Create order

The Wife Of Bath s Prologue And Tale - 1338 Words

During medieval times, women were not placed on a high pedestal; in fact, some religious institutions at the time felt women were in almost every instance the weaker sex. Misogyny abounded during these times. Quite often than not, women played a very minimized role in medieval literature. The pattern was the same: either they were a helpless damsel in need of a knight in shining armor with his trusty stead or they were portrayed as being sexually promiscuous with multiple men which stoked the fire of love stories and stirred the passion of readers. Medieval literature exploited the â€Å"weakness† of women that aimed to enhance the drama of medieval stories. Out of all the notable medieval authors, only Geoffrey Chaucer penned one of the great†¦show more content†¦First is the stereotype that it is deplorable for a woman to marry more than once. The Wife of Bath begins the tale with a prologue that sheds light into her life and what she has gone through as a woman. â€Å"Experience †¦ would be quite sufficient for me, to speak of the woe that is in marriage †¦I have had five husbands at the church-door† (NeCastro, The Wife of Bath’s Tale: A Modern English Translation). She married five times with each marriage being different from the last, so she had to constantly adjust to each of her husbands. Churches at the time frowned upon women who wed to more than once, even if her previous husband had died. She argues that having multiple marriages isn’t inherently wrong because â€Å"many other holy men did as well† like Abraham and Jacob. Ironically, the clergy would glorify prophets in the Old Testament for their marriages, but would scoff at a woman who married five different times. Unlike her male counterparts, the Wife of Bath feels that she is equipped with greater knowledge because of her marriages. Each marriage made her a â€Å"wise wife† and enables her to teach others about marriage from her experience. She continues to defend her choice to marry five times by saying it is commanded of God to go forth and multiply. Chaucer’s prologue tactfully points out the hypocrisy of clergymen inShow MoreRelatedThe Wife Of Bath s Prologue And Tale990 Words   |  4 PagesThe Wife of Bath s Prologue and Tale is about female empowerment it shows strong prot agonists. I believe Geoffrey Chaucer used The Wife of Bath’s Tale to advocate for feminism. Chaucer used a strong female character to expose female stereotypes. It was an oppressive time for women in male-dominated society. During the Middle Ages, Chaucer wrote from a woman’s point of view something that was not normal at that time. He set his feminist ideals through the characters of the Wife of Bath and the oldRead MoreThe Wife Of Bath s Prologue And Tale2067 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Å"The Wife of Bath’s Prologue† and â€Å"The Wife of Bath’s Tale† by Geoffrey Chaucer functions as a way to both satirize and represent female equality. In particular, The Wife of Bath challenges the stereotypes of what may appear to be â€Å"normal† treatment of women during this time period (TheBestNotes.com). She identifies the distinctions between â€Å"traditional† gender roles and relates them to passages from the bible, which are then ta ken out of context. These passages are meant to justify The Wife of Bath’sRead MoreThe Wife Of Bath s Tale Prologue And Story878 Words   |  4 Pagesit back later. In the Wife of Bath’s Tale Prologue and story, this idea called into question. During both of these stories, the idea of give and take is a major topic. Largely because the ones that are getting, are giving up essential control over their lives. In a world where divorce seems to be at an all time high, these tales attempt to shed light on what it would take to create a happy marriage or relationship. During the prologue of The Wife of Bath’s Tale, the wife discusses her thoughtsRead MoreThe Wife Of Bath s Prologue And Tale1697 Words   |  7 PagesSawyer Guest English 470 04 April 2016 Empowering Women, or Degrading Them? Exploring Anti-Feminism in The Wife of Bath’s Prologue and Tale. So often, scholars tend to put a large focus on feminism seen throughout Geoffrey Chaucer’s â€Å"The Wife of Bath’s Prologue and Tale†, but they may not be seeing the larger picture of it all. There are definitely characteristics of the Wife that make her a strong female personality in the story, but is it fair for us to say that she embodies the characteristicsRead MoreThe Wife Of Bath s Prologue And Tale Essay1722 Words   |  7 Pagestheir male counterparts. However, The Wife of Bath’s Prologue and Tale, a poem written by Geoffrey Chaucer, redefine those ideals set upon women. The poem is broken up into two parts one is the prologue which includes a woman who talks about the rules set by the church and society on women. As well as how society looks upon women who live her life style. She counters these teaching by her knowledge of the bible by introducing biblical men who had more than one wife. It is later revealed that her soleRead MoreThe Wife Of B ath s Prologue And Tale2098 Words   |  9 PagesAfter reading ‘The Wife of Bath’s Prologue and Tale’ I can see clear indications and agree that Chaucer was an anti-feminist’ by studying in depth both the prologue and tale I am going to show how Chaucer conforms to a patriarchal perspective in which he believes women are inferior to men making them the weak and unstable sex, who are neither socially, politically or economically equal to a man. In Chaucer’s `The Wife of Bath’s Prologue and Tale’, Chaucer opens the book with the strong opening sentenceRead MoreChaucer s The Wife Of Bath s Prologue And Tale1358 Words   |  6 PagesThe Tactics Chaucer Uses in â€Å"The Wife of Bath’s Prologue and Tale: To Point Out the Faults in His Society After reading Chaucer’s work: â€Å"The Wife of Bath’s Tale†, and having been exposed to different interpretations of it, it is now to my knowledge that there have been many critical works that suggests opinions and thoughts about how to interpret both the tale and prologue. There have also been questions asked─one being, â€Å"so, did we actually figure out what women really want†, and the answer toRead MoreThe Wife Of Bath s Prologue1134 Words   |  5 PagesThe Wife of Bath uses bible verses in â€Å"The Wife of Bath’s Prologue.† Further, she employs the verses as an outline of her life to find reason in God to justify her actions. Nevertheless, the purpose of the verses differs within each stanza of the poem. The Wife of Bath is a sexually promiscuous, lustful, and manipulative woman. She marries men one after the other as they get older and die. In order to combat and overthrow the speculation and criticism being thrust upon her by societal norms becauseRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Wife Of Bath Essay873 Words   |  4 PagesAnalytical Essay on the â€Å"Wife of Bath.† Question One Description of the Wife of Bath in terms of her progressive feminism, rhetoric style, and her prolog tale. Comparison of her as a women attitude towards general medieval attitude towards women. â€Å"Wife of Bath† Tale provides insight and understanding of the women change and their view mainly in matters of family, marriage, authority and marital affairs. The Prolog is double the size of her Tale, a lot of information about marriage group is givenRead More Chaucers Canterbury Tales Essay - Women in The Wife of Bath1433 Words   |  6 PagesWomen in Chaucers The Wife of Bath Chaucers The Wife of Baths Prologue and Tale is a medieval legend that paints a portrait of strong women finding love and themselves in the direst of situations. It is presented to the modern day reader as an early tale of feminism showcasing the ways a female character gains power within a repressive, patriarchal society. Underneath the simplistic plot of female empowerment lies an underbelly of anti-feminism. Sometimes this is presented blatantly

Demonstration of Ethical Consumerism Values in Social Work

Question: Demonstrate competence in a range of business and academic skills and apply them in an organisational/enterprise setting. Communicate effectively both in written (reports, summaries etc.) Collect and analyse appropriate data from a range of learning/information sources. Undertake research tasks, both individually and in groups, with appropriate guidance. Demonstrate understanding of global, ethical and organisational responsibility issues. Answer: Introduction Ethical consumerism refers to more consumers are purchasing products that are ethically made, ethically sourced and are ethically distributed. It influences the purchasing decisions of the customers through references to moral or ethical principles. The main focus of the report is to describe the concept of the ethical consumerism and analysis of the ethical rules and policies followed by Kellogg Co. An ethical production refers to producing goods without the use child labour or slavery that is recycled and processing product in an organic manner (Banks, 2012). A survey has been conducted in order to determine and evaluate the behaviour of the consumers. The results obtained from the survey will help to assess the factor that imposes significant impact on the behaviour of the consumers. It is important for the company to produce products ethically and following appropriate marketing process that imposes significant impact on the buying behaviour of the consumers. In the last two year s, the concept of ethical consumerism has achieved supremacy and importance in the business scenario. Therefore, the consumers are very much concerned while purchasing products and the ethical rules followed by the company (Clarke, 2008). The government organizations and polices has been implemented to check the ethical guidelines of the companies Ethical consumerism Ethical consumerism is defined as the consumption where one has been informed and made aware about any ethical issue regarding the product be it human rights, social justice, animal or environmental welfare. Ethical consumerism being a fast growing phenomenon is slowly becoming a major drive of many different kinds of ethical approaches to trade and business. A great number of people decide what they will consume on the basis of ethical values. That is to say people or consumers have more affinity towards buying products that are environmental friendly, use proper production methods, the wage rates and working conditions given to the workers are good and the company producing it do not harm human rights in any way. The ethics followed in the business world at the present moment revolves around ethical practices and there are also many motivational elements present for business practices like the values of the people that are involved with the production, maintenance of ethical busin ess practices, environmental responsibility of the organization producing a particular product etc (Bedford, 2000). But market survey shows that the demand and choice of the ethical consumers is the main driving point for the success or failure of a particular product. For example, if an ethical consumer understands that buying a particular product would help to conserve the environment then he or she will always opt to buy that product and be loyal towards the company produce it. In this way a company or business organization engaging in ethical practices of business and giving ethical consumerism enough importance is bound to do well in the business world and have a competitive advantage in the market. On the other hand if an ethical consumer is informed that a particular product is made after executing torturous experiments on animals then he or she will stop buying that product. Globalizations has led to the situation where the consumers are much more responsible and aware about the products that they are buying and thus have much more questions than before (Healey, 2013). Any organization failing to answer these questions by not being able to provide detailed information about the product loses the trust of the consumer and any ethical consumer is quite unlikely to buy the products of this particular company. Therefore in order to cater to the needs and requirements of the ethical consumers, an organization needs to be able to give all information and maintain business ethics at the same time. Company review The Kellogg Company is one of the largest producers of the cereals with more than hundred years of the business and also is the leader of the health and the nutrition through the provision of the consumers with the bringing variety of the products. The leading position is created in the market with the creation of commitment of the ethical business practices and the values based on its culture (Fabozzi and Markowitz, 2011). The business values are based on the identification of the beliefs with the consideration of the ethical beliefs and for this reason the company holds the most important position with referring to the K-values of the organisation. It is also one of the socially and ethically perceived companies with the providing the health conscious foods in the market of the US and also the consistent manufacturing of the best quality foods in the world wide. The creation of the manufacturing activities also helps in the creation of the market in more than 128 countries and thereby in considering the global market, there are 180 different countries that the market consists of (Healey, 2007). The company also helps in the creation of the enhancements that helps in the creation of the worlds ethical company with the creation of the estimation of the recognition and thereby the company is recognized as the ethical company. According to the Michael Byrne, the companys several requirements are fulfilled by the general counsel of the Ethisphere Institute with the consideration of the ethical companies in the world and thereby the satisfaction of the list of the ethical companies are seemed to be satisfied with the consideration of the requirements. The company Kellogg Co. must rely on the corporate compliance programs and thereby the consideration for the federal sentencing also helps in the creation of the international standards and thereby it has been depicted as the truly and ethically considered responsible social enterprise (Healey, 2013). The company shareholders also committed on the engagement of the present and the future purchases of the governance structures and also have created the corporate policies with the utilisation of the codes of the conducts of ethics. For the enhancement of the Kellogg Company, there are four main areas that reveal the market place, workplace, community and the environment. It also helps in ensuring the commitment of the employees with the different stakeholders and the instance customers with the employees and the general communities (Kompridis, 2011). One of the main ways for flourishing of the community of Kellogg Co is engaging in the philanthropic activities that are seemed to be related to the values of the company which are the integrity, accountability, passion, focusing on the success and the simplicity with humility. It also provides the overview of the affiliation of the actions and the behaviours of the company and the expectations outlines the companys action, demonstration of the stakeholders and also the affiliation with depicting the commitment to ethics and the integrity (Nili, 2011). The listening is one of the major functions of the presuppose contents that helps in providing the engagement of t he relevant stakeholders with the creation of decisions ethically and thereby the fulfilment of the personal commitments also ensures the promotion of the work force and also helps in the creation and the enhancement of the personal development with the creation of the simplifying and enhancing the processes and the activities. Approaches issues and people openly confront the issues for the betterment of the company and thereby the greater pre-eminence of the results and henceforth the creation of the issues provide the approaches with attaining the successes for the growth. Opinion survey The importance of study of consumer behaviour is increasingly growing as well as the interest on this specific subject is also growing among the students most of the academic scholars are attracted to the topic and work on this topic. The main cause is in contemporary business world the importance of consumer behaviour has been improved (Cant, Brink and Brijball, 2006). In order to investigate the opinion of the public about the ethical consumerism, the understanding of ethical consumerism about the common public and the reaction of the common public to the unethical practice a primary research has been conducted and for primary data collection a opinion survey among the student of the university has been conducted (Healey, 2013). For this survey few variable factors has been included in order to formulate the questionnaire for the opinion survey. The questionnaire has worked as an instrument of the research work. The questionnaire is a well structured questionnaire with multiple choice close ended questions (Noel, 2009). A random survey technique has been adopted in order to perform the survey and from the survey the most appropriately filed up survey sheets has been taken in order to analyze the perceptions of the consumers about the company and their buying behaviour. The survey questionnaire will help to determine and analyse the buying behaviour of the consumers and factors affecting their decisions. The behavioural factors, social, personal and other factors impose vital impact on the buying decision of the customers. It is important for the company to produce products as per the ethical rules and guidelines. The measurement of satisfaction level of the consumer after purchasing the products is also important. The ethical rules and regulations also benefits both society and environment. The consumers perceptions have been taken by few questions, which emphasis on the influential factors of consumers behaviours, the buying decisions of the consumers etc. The buying decisions of the consumers are largely dependent on some influential factors, where the ethical consideration is important and most of the consumers provide huge emphasis on the ethical behaviour of the company. Moreover, the business organizations, which unethically doing business ar e rapidly losses the customers. Unethical business practice of the business organization diminish the reputation of the company, the brand name and brand value of the company use to be spoiled reasonably by unethical business practice. Conclusion The results of the short opinion survey helps to determine and evaluate the factors that influence the purchasing behaviour of the consumer. The survey carried out on 15 students at GSM London in order to examine the factors that influence the consumer behaviour. The major factors are societal, psychological, personal characteristics, situational and economic factors (Stolle and Micheletti, 2013). The gross income of the participants helps to determine the purchasing decisions and other participants were influenced by their perceptions towards different brand available in the current market and their social class. The survey results showed that the participants are very much concerned towards ethical production and the marketing processes followed by the company. Therefore, it is important for the companies to examine their rules, regulations and their ethical guidelines. Ethical values and principles help to govern the business activities and business decisions (Tybout and Calder, 2 010). The ethical rules and policies need to be followed by the company in order to produce goods on the basis of society needs and environment needs. A healthy and positive corporate culture improves the quality of products and morale of the employees. The ethical rules should be followed by the companies. Recommendations The recommendations that are provided for the enhancement of the company Kellogg which are provided with keeping in view the future considerations of the company and thereby it also helps in the creation of the growth for the company Kellogg (Healey, 2013). The recommendations that are made for the company Kellogg are as follows:- 1) Listening to others in order to understand the purpose of the communication and thereby the creation of the stakeholders in the enhancement of the decision making outcomes. 2) Engagement of the relevant with the creation of the health and the safety working environment through the personal accountability. 3) Fulfil promises and the commitments in order to ensure the success and the well-being of the cother team members. References Bedford, T. (2000).Ethical consumerism.University of London. Healey, J. (2013).Ethical consumerism.Thirroul, N.S.W.: Spinney Press. Banks, S. (2012).Ethics and values in social work. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. Clarke, N. (2008). From Ethical Consumerism to Political Consumption.Geography Compass, 2(6), pp.1870-1884. Fabozzi, F. and Markowitz, H. (2011).The theory and practice of investment management. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Healey, J. (2007).Consumerism. Thirroul, N.S.W.: Spinney Press. Healey, J. (2013).Ethical consumerism. Thirroul, N.S.W.: Spinney Press. Kompridis, N. (2011). Introduction to the special issue %26lsquo%3BA politics of receptivity%26rsquo%3B.Ethics Global Politics, 4(4). Nili, S. (2011). Conceptualizing the curse: two views on our responsibility for the %26lsquo%3Bresource curse%26rsquo%3B.Ethics Global Politics, 4(2). Stolle, D. and Micheletti, M. (2013).Political consumerism. New York: Cambridge University Press. Tybout, A. and Calder, B. (2010).Kellogg on marketing. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Cant, M., Brink, A. and Brijball, S. (2006).Consumer behaviour. Cape Town, South Africa: Juta. Healey, J. (2013).Ethical consumerism. Thirroul, N.S.W.: Spinney Press. Noel, H. (2009).Consumer behaviour. Lausanne, Switzerland: AVA Academia.

Just War Kuwait, Iraq And Usa Essays - Gulf War, Kuwait

Just War: Kuwait, Iraq And Usa Just War On August 2nd, 1990 the first Iraqi tanks crossed into Kuwait, as part of an invasion that marked the start of a six-month conflict between the United States and Iraq. These tanks were ordered to invade Kuwait by Saddam Hussein, the ruthless dictator of Iraq. The Iraqi troops looted Kuwaiti businesses and brutalized Kuwaiti civilians. Saudi Arabia began to fear that they may be invaded as well, and on August 7th they formally asked President Bush for US assistance. The US pledged to defend the Saudis, and to remove the Iraqis from Kuwait. Great masses of troops from many different nations were deployed in the Persian Gulf area. At 4:30 PM EST on January 16, 1991, the first aircraft with orders to attack Iraqi targets were launched from Saudi Arabia, marking the beginning of Operation Desert Storm. Dictators like Mr. Hussein cannot be allowed to take advantage of smaller countries like bullies after lunch money. There has to be someone to stop them, or they will gain more and more power and land, just as Adolf Hitler tried to do in World War II. That someone, in the case of Mr. Hussein, was the United States, along with a multinational coalition. The US had just cause in entering a war against Iraq because of Iraq's invasion of the small and defenseless nation of Kuwait. Actions such as that must be repulsed. Iraq had no just cause in invading Kuwait; their reasons were either obscure or for their benefit. The US had to help Kuwait regain their nation. In protecting the Saudis from invasion and removing the Iraqis from Kuwait the US had the right intention. The real reason the US decided to fight the Iraqis was to restore Kuwait's government and to defend Saudi Arabia. There was no underlying reason, such as to receive better prices on oil or to make the Kuwaitis indebted to the US so as to receive favors. Throughout the war, the US made clear their purpose and intent in fighting the Iraqis, and not once did they stray from it. Legitimate authority was established when the Congress voted to follow United Nations resolution 678, section two of which Authorizes Member States co-operating with the Government of Kuwait, unless Iraq on or before 15 January 1991 fully implements, as set forth in paragraph 1 above, the foregoing resolutions, to use all necessary means to uphold and implement resolution 660 (1990) and all subsequent relevant resolutions and to restore international peace and security in the area. The vote to follow the resolution was as good as a declaration of war, as far as legitimate authority is concerned, and is in some ways better. The adoption of the resolution only authorized the use of force to remove Iraq from Kuwait. This limited the ability of our military to completely destroy Iraq's military or to drive Hussein from power. Our authority to remove Iraq from Kuwait was clearly legitimate. The Gulf War was fought with proportionality clearly in the leadership's mind. President Bush planned to get Iraq's troops out of Kuwait and then stop. He had no intention of carrying the war further. Although Bush would have dearly liked to have marched US troops toward Baghdad to destroy Hussein's government, he did not, because of the risk of heavy casualties, and because it went against the proportionality idea. The leaders who picked targets for our forces never targeted civilians. Civilians were killed, for sure, but they were not deliberately targeted. Non-combatant immunity is an important part of every war the US has been engaged in. The Iraqis definitely targeted civilians, as was quite evident by their SCUD attacks on Israel and Saudi Arabia. Many civilians and military personnel were killed by SCUDs during the course of the war. Civilians are not responsible for harm done to one's country, and therefore deserve immunity. Upon entering the conflict, The US obviously had a reasonable hope of success. The Iraqis had several hundred thousand poorly trained, poorly equipped, and poorly led troops, while the Allied forces numbered about 800,000. The allied troops were better trained, equipped, and led than the Iraqis. They were also more loyal, although that was not discovered until the ground war began and Iraqi troops began to desert, tens of thousands at a time. The US would not have entered into this conflict if they had not clearly known that they would win. Sanctions were placed against Iraq almost immediately, and were in place and doing nothing for six months before President Bush realized that they had to turn